KNOW SWINE FLU

Swine Flu.
Name Origin:
Swine means Pig.

Some Terminologies:
With this Swine virus taking charge in 2009, it is important to know about some terminologies.
Epidemic:That which affects a certain group of people.
Endemic: Belonging to a particular community or group.(Not necessary that it should be affected).
Pandemic:That which affects the whole world.
So Swine Flu which was Endemic in Mexico, soon proved to be an Pandemic after affecting a child in U.S.A on April 29th, 2009.

Tricky ways:
The Flu Virus in known to be a trickiest virus because it often changes its structure to elude the
antibodies from that has been developed during previous attack of flu.This Swine is one of those Flu.
Symptoms:
Symptoms include fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, headache, chills and fatigue. The 2009 outbreak has shown an increased percentage of patients reporting diarrhea and vomiting.
Prevention:
Prevention include washing hands with soaps after coming from the public.It may pass from finger to mouth and then infect.So washing hands is important.It may be in Table-tops telephones and other surfaces.
Panacea:
The cure-all as recommended by CDC is use of Tamiflu (oseltamivir) or Relenza (zanamivir) for the treatment and/or prevention of infection with swine influenza viruses.

Quote from Stephen Covey.

Thoughts become actions...
Actions become habits...
habits become character...
character decides the destiny...

So have good thoughts to have a good destiny.

Above all trust in the Lord at all times.

ISRO questions 2009

These are some of the questions asked in ISRO recruitment exam 2009

1.Questions on Networking IP Classes were asked.
Class A. 1-126
Class B. 128-191
Class C. 192-223

2. SHA-1 is a __________Algorithm
SHA expands as Secure Hash Algorithm
It is an Encryption Algorithm.

3.UTP means Unshielded Twisted Pair.

4.Newton Backward Difference Formula

f(x) @ Pn(x) = fn + sÑfn +	s(s + 1)	Ñ2fn	+ . . . +	s(s + 1) . . . (s + n -1)	Ñnfn
	2!			n!

TCP and UDP

The TCP and UDP operates in the transport layer of the OSI model.

They work on the top of the IP protocol working in the Network layer.
TCP header size-20 bytes
UDP header size-8 bytes

assigned port numbers-0- 1023
registered port numbers-1024-65535
dynamic port numbers- 49152-65535

Nagle's algorithem is used to send several small buffered packets as a single packet.

BasketBall

Baketball is a game that is of great popularity in USA.But unfortunatly this game has not found any
fame in India.This mind-game can be one of the greatest past time and can also be a greatest sport for a player.
Basketball was intially played with a football. But later this game gained popularity that a seperate ball has been found for this game.
Dribbling is the most basic of a basketball game.You cannot move in the court without dribbling.
Dribbling means bouncing the ball back and forth between the ground and the hand.
Most importantly this is a team game.
When you work as a team then you are sure to win this game easily.
Michael Jordan is one of the finest basketball player of all times.
He is known for his great leaps and he has been called as Air Jordan.
This game needs good physical fitness.
This game also gives good fitness.
So , Just try a game of basketball at any point in your life.
YOURS
SHYAM.

Chetan Bhagat's "five point someone".

five point someone
CHETAN BHAGAT's
This Indian Novel found shape frm the hands of an Indian Author.This book actually does not laud about IIT. Neither it tells what to do at IIT. It conveys the life around certain characters those who studied in IIT.It's a real life incident.
So it is centered around three characters Alok, Ryan and Hari.

I will add more to it...when I finish reading this book.

SPOOLING-OS SPOOFING-Internet

E-mail spoofing is a term used to describe fraudulent e-mail activity in which the sender address and other parts of the e-mail header are altered to appear as though the e-mail originated from a different source.




In Operating Systems,, spooling refers to a process of transferring data by placing it in a temporary working area where another program may access it for processing at a later point in time.


The most common spooling application is print spooling: documents formatted for printing are stored onto a buffer (usually an area on a disk) by a fast processor and retrieved and printed by a relatively slower printer at its own rate. As soon as the fast processor has written the document to the spool device it has finished with the job and is fully available for other processes.

The OS way

Operating System is one of the most interesting part of computer Technology.
Without an operating System there is no question for software development or any of the user interface.

The Big Boss lying under all this operating functions is the KERNEL.

Kernal is nothing but a set of programs lying in the disc the execution of these programs make the operating systems work.
Program Execution
Execution of a program from memory involves the creation of a process(assigning memory to program code and executing it).
Interrupts
The hardware or the application gives the indication about which part of the code has to be executed in the kernel.
Suppose, when we press the "A" key in keyboard then the operating system that is the kernel will receive an interrupt that would allow that to execute the code responsible for displaying "A".
This can be taken as an example for a hardware interrupt.

Memory Management:
It is process managing and allocating memory for various programs that is being executed by the kernel.
Virtual memory: Some application may want the program to always execute at a particular space in the memory.This work is being taken care of virtual memory.
What if the program is not loaded into the memory where it has to be loaded.It is nothing but a Page Fault.
Swapping can be used to overcome this page fault.

Scheduler is a small software program that can control the amount of time a program is executed in a particular memory.
The Scheduler swaps the control between the Kernel and the Program to make sure all the Programs are executed for a considerable amount of time and along with its own priority.
This action is called Context Switching.

Some scheduling techniques

1.FCFS(First come first first serve)
2.Shortest job first done
-Preemptive(Gives way for another)
-Non-preemptive(No way)
3.Priority Scheduling(based on Priority)
Starvation of low priority process
4.Round Robin Scheduling
w.r.t Timer
5.Multilevel Queue Scheduling
Round Robin with Multilevel Queues
6.Mutilevel Feedback Queue Schduling.
Mutilevel queue with Priority for each queue.

So let's learn "What is Caching"?
Cache contains all the frequently accessed data . Such data's are retrieved from the main memory and stored in the cache. The processer checks for the needed data in the cache. If the needed data is not present then the processer gets it from the main memory and stores it in the cache for future use.

Dining Philosopher's problem:


Consider the case where some philosophers had to dine together.
But the problem they have one fork on left and one fork on right.
But the food cannot be eaten with a single fork.So if all the phil's
are going to take the left fork at the same time then no one can eat.


The lack of available forks is an analogy to the lacking of shared resources in real computer programming, a situation known as Concurrency.

That is the shared resources are getting locked with no use for anyone.This results in a deadlock.

Semaphore is a variable count used in the method that controls and restricts access to shared resources for ex:as in the case of dining philosophers problem.

So this dining philosophers problem introduces to three technical Jargons.
CDS
Concurrency
Deadlock
Semaphores
This article will be updated.

Find the Origin of Origin

Get into this server

http://www.etymonline.com/

And explore the world of words.

Disaster Story

Aster means Star in Greek.

Disaster:
In Roman mythology it was believed that something bad happens because of the fault in their
zodiac stars.
And so came the word disASTER , which means something worst has happened.

Asterisk:
Asterisk * Doesn't that look like a star....and hence came the word ASTERisk.

Asteroids:
Star like objects in space.
so came the word....ASTERoids.

All People seem to need data processing.

The OSI (Open Syestem Interconnection) reference model was proposed by ISO (InternetionalStandard Organisation) in 1984.
The standard protocols make use of any of those layers of OSI reference model to establish connection between computers.
The reference layers are
Application layer- Presentation Layer- Session layer- Transport layer-
Network Layer-Data Layer- Physical Layer.
So the Mnemonic is "All People Seem To Need Data Processing".
This has been the only most viewed article in my blog.
Please visit other interesting labels like English and Evolving Etymology.Please do comment to make this blog a better one.
With regards ,
Shyam.

Typewriter Fact

Originally the letter 'R' was not placed in that part of the Keyboard.
It was later replaced to its current position just because of the fact that the word "TYPEWRITER"
can be typed using the single rows of keys in a Keyboard.

q W E R T Y u I o P
Interesting ...Isn't it?

Relplace confused--->flummoxed

‘flummox' use it man...Redefine Indian English

The first syllable rhymes with the words ‘plum’, ‘glum’, and ‘slum’; the ‘o’ in the second syllable sounds like the ‘a’ in ‘china’. The final ‘x’ is like the ‘cks’ in ‘sucks’, ‘bucks’, and ‘ducks’. The word is pronounced ‘flumex” with the stress on the first syllable.

This is a word that is mostly used in informal contexts. When you are flummoxed by something, you are bewildered or confused by it. In fact, you are so confused you don’t know what to do.

As expected, the Minister was flummoxed by the questions posed by the reporters.

Oh God... No more PowerPoints..

‘PowerPoint singalong’?

Nowadays, whenever someone gives a talk or makes a presentation, it is usually accompanied by PowerPoint slides. It is something that the audience expects; a presentation is incomplete without one. These slides which the speaker shows often contain the main points that he is trying to make.

There are occasions, however, when the speaker includes in his slides everything that he is going to say. As a result, during the presentation, all he does is merely read from the slides; he doesn’t add anything new.

Such a presentation where the speaker reads verbatim from the slides without providing any comment is called ‘PowerPoint singalong’.

The presentation was nothing more than a PowerPoint singalong.

Uppercase for I...ever reasoned?

Why is the word ‘I’ always capitalised?

I understand that English is the only language where the pronoun ‘I’ is always written in the upper case; in most other languages spoken in Europe, it is written in the lower case. I guess this goes to show that the English have a big ego! Just kidding! The only explanation that scholars have for this is that when the Old English ‘ich’, meaning ‘I’, was reduced to ‘i’, it was thought to be too small to be considered a real word. Also, printers and scribes were worried that ‘i’, when written separately, would get attached to the word before or after it. Since they didn’t want this to happen, they began to capitalise the word.

Peruse-careful Browse-casual

What is the difference between ‘peruse’ and ‘browse’?

‘Browsing’ is something that we normally do when we are in a bookshop. Before we decide what to buy, we invariably take a look at the books and magazines available. Sometimes we read the blurbs, at other times, we sample a paragraph or two in order to decide whether the book is worth buying. When you browse through a book or magazine, you look at it in a very casual way; you do not read it carefully.

*He was browsing through the sports section when the phone rang.

*Could you browse through the first draft and give us some feedback?

‘Perusing’, unlike ‘browsing’, suggests very careful reading. When you peruse a document, you go through it very carefully. You examine the document in detail; you read each and every word.

*The CEO perused the ten page document before signing it.

Don't tell Mug up

‘academic bulimia’?

First, let’s deal with the pronunciation of ‘bulimia’. The ‘u’ in the first syllable is like the ‘u’ in ‘full’, ‘pull’, and ‘bull’. Some people pronounce the first ‘i’ like the ‘ea’ in ‘feat’, ‘meat’ and ‘seat’; others pronounce it like the ‘i’ in ‘it’ and ‘bit’. Whether you pronounce the word ‘bu-LIM-ia’ or ‘bu-LEEM-ia’, the stress is on the second syllable. These are just two of the ways of pronouncing the word.

Bulimia is a disorder. Some people have a craving for food, and when they eat, they proceed to stuff themselves. Once they have finished eating, they usually rush to the bathroom and force themselves to vomit. This act of eating enormous amounts of food and then proceeding to vomit everything is called ‘bulimia’.

Academic bulimia is something that we Indians specialise in. What is it that we do during the time of exams? We usually mug up the answers to all possible questions, and the following day we reproduce everything we have memorised; most of the time, with little or no understanding. This ability that we have to ‘disgorge’ answers is called ‘academic bulimia’.

Don’t be fooled by his marks. He doesn’t know a thing. What you see on paper is academic bulimia.

Yo...check it out?

What is the meaning of ‘Hippopotomonstro- sesquippedaliophobia’?

Pretty long word, isn’t it? Let me tell you it is not the fear of the hippopotamus. We all know what ‘phobia’ means: it is the fear of something. ‘Hippopoto’ comes from ‘hippopotamus’, and ‘monstro’ comes from of ‘monstrum’ meaning ‘monster’. ‘Sesquippedalio’ comes from ‘sesquipedalian’ meaning someone who loves to use extremely long words. ‘Sesquipedalophobia’ means the fear of long words. And that’s what the 15 syllable word hippopotomonstrosesquippedaliophobia means: the fear of long words. The ‘hippopoto’ and ‘monstro’ have been merely added to make the word longer! The word can be spelt in different ways.

*I’m not like you. I suffer from a mild form of hippopotomonstrosesquippedaliophobia.